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3d:start [2025/03/23 16:04] – [Texture Atlas] mh3d:start [2025/05/01 16:40] (current) – [To Sort and properly dispatch] mh
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 ====== 3D Modeling ====== ====== 3D Modeling ======
  
-I essentially do my 3D Modeling with **[[https://blender.org|Blender 3D]]** but things might change some day.+I essentially do my 3D Modeling with **[[https://blender.org|Blender 3D]]** for now.
  
 ===== Sections ===== ===== Sections =====
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   * **[[3d:rendering|Rendering]]**   * **[[3d:rendering|Rendering]]**
  
 +  * **[[3d:rigging|Rigging]]**
  
-===== Low Poly Workflow ===== +  * **[[3d:animating|Animations]]**
- +
-Before starting a composition it is good practice to have **reference images** and a **basic sketch** of the final composition in terms of disposition and arrangement.  +
- +
-Start by boxing out the different elements with rough primitive shapes until the entire composition is boxed out.+
  
  
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   * **Extra Meshes :** Gives access to more primitives in the Add Menu (**''SHIFT'' + ''A''**)   * **Extra Meshes :** Gives access to more primitives in the Add Menu (**''SHIFT'' + ''A''**)
 +
 +  * **Rigify :** Very handy for rigging humanoidss or basic animals
 +
 +  * **Node Wrangler :** Provides useful tools for working with nodes
  
  
 ===== Useful Tips ===== ===== Useful Tips =====
  
-  * You can right click on an item in the top menus of the viewport and select **Add to Quick Favorites** which makes them available in the Quick Favorites menu (**''Q''**)+=== Quick Favorites === 
 + 
 +  * Right click on an item in the top menus of the viewport and select **Add to Quick Favorites** : makes them available in the Quick Favorites menu (**''Q''**) 
 + 
 +=== Low Poly === 
 +  * Solidify + Decimate modifiers work well together to give jaggedy looks to objects and land parts.
  
  
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 //Everything below needs to be sorted out and included in the above sections.// //Everything below needs to be sorted out and included in the above sections.//
  
-Then take each element into finer stages of detail step by step, don't try to model the elements from box to final in one go.  
- 
-Use loop cuts to add mesh (''CTRL + R'') but be wary of adding too much to stay in the low poly. Move individual vertices around a little randomly to give character. 
  
-Make good use of the Mirror Modifier and Solidify Modifiers to speed up workflow on basic shapes and apply them only when you want to break the symmetry and add finer details (destructive modeling). Scale can be applied on shapes (''CTRL + A'') but it is not mandatory and modeling can be done with scales other than (1,1,1). 
  
-Beams are useful elements on buildings to join parts together and hide overlaps. 
  
 Cut out windows and doors using the knife (''K'') tool in the base object. Then select the edges, duplicate and move them outwards, scale them down a bit, separate to make a new object, in that new object in edit mode extrude outwards and then add a solidify modifier. Take care that your normals are facing the right way. If you have mirrors not applied be sure to activate clipping so that the points on the mirror axes don't separate from each others when scaling down. Cut out windows and doors using the knife (''K'') tool in the base object. Then select the edges, duplicate and move them outwards, scale them down a bit, separate to make a new object, in that new object in edit mode extrude outwards and then add a solidify modifier. Take care that your normals are facing the right way. If you have mirrors not applied be sure to activate clipping so that the points on the mirror axes don't separate from each others when scaling down.
  
-It's handy to start with a boxed shape then inset faces and extrude them and scale them down along the normal to get quick good looking volumes. 
  
-Trees and landscapes can be sculpted with a finer mesh and then decimated using a modifier to bring them back down to Low Poly. 
- 
-Solidify + Decimate work well together to give jaggedy looks to objects and land parts. 
- 
-Make good use of the proportional editing (''O'') tool. 
- 
-Good practice : Duplicate elements using ''Shift + D'' and then detach using ''P''. (e.g. to detach a roof off a roughly boxed building) 
-Duplicate face loops and extrude along the normals towards the outside (e.g. to create pipe joints) 
  
 Careful : Rotations in edit mode do not apply a transformation relative to global axes. It's better to rotate in object mode so the local axes are preserved. Careful : Rotations in edit mode do not apply a transformation relative to global axes. It's better to rotate in object mode so the local axes are preserved.
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 Once shapes have been modeled out, it can be handy to scale by the normals using ''ALT + S'' Once shapes have been modeled out, it can be handy to scale by the normals using ''ALT + S''
  
-N-gones are OK to model with as long as they are kept on a same surface. It is safer though to tidy things up with the knife tool to create quads and triangles. Blender converts everything to triangles to render anyways so tidying things up brings you closer to what Blender is actually seeing in your mesh. 
- 
-If your mesh is chiseled looking and shaded differently because the quads and triangles are not on the same plane you can flatten things out by selecting all the concerned faces and scaling them to 0 along the proper axis. 
- 
-Useful tip : when using knife tool ''E'' starts a new cut elsewhere. 
  
 Careful when using mirror modifiers, if you move in object mode it moves both sides in the same direction along the given axis because it moves the object center around which the mirror is calculated. If you move in edit mode it moves the selection relative to the given axis effectively copying the move on the mirrored side. Careful when using mirror modifiers, if you move in object mode it moves both sides in the same direction along the given axis because it moves the object center around which the mirror is calculated. If you move in edit mode it moves the selection relative to the given axis effectively copying the move on the mirrored side.
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 You can precisely reset the origin point to a vertex by selecting the vertex and setting the 3D cursor to the selection ''SHIFT + S'' and then setting the origin to the 3D cursor. You can precisely reset the origin point to a vertex by selecting the vertex and setting the 3D cursor to the selection ''SHIFT + S'' and then setting the origin to the 3D cursor.
- 
-You can create a quick long leaf plant by creating a leaf first. A loop cut down the middle bringing the vertices down will create a nice leaf-like bend on it. Then set the origin at the bottom. Then link duplicate the leaf (''ALT + D'') and rotate it 45°. Then ''SHIFT + R'' to repeat the duplicate 8 times so you fill the plant. Then give a bit of random variation to each leaf with scaling and rotating. 
- 
-At this point you understand the big difference between linked duplicates and non-linked duplicates : with a linked duplicate, you can still make changes in object mode that won't affect the other copies and still gives variation. This way you keep the possibility of editing the shape in Edit mode and having the mesh edit apply to all the copies. While non-linked duplicates can all be edited separately but do not have the easy fast modification applying to all copies. 
  
 Poke faces is useful for creating a collection of triangles on a big N-gone like circle shape. Poke faces is useful for creating a collection of triangles on a big N-gone like circle shape.
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-==== Seamless textures ==== 
  
-Using seamless textures is useful as the texture will repeat itself when scaled without it being too noticeable at a glance. However, if you scale too much, a pattern will become visible as the texture repeats itself. 
  
-There are two ways to scale :  
- 
-In the node editor, on the **mapping** node : 
- 
-{{3d:mapping-node.png?200}} 
- 
-In the UV editor, by scaling the unwrap. This second option is preferable if you are going to export your scene to a game engine as the UV unwrap (and it's scale) will be exported with it. 
- 
-{{3d:uv-edit-scale.png?200}} 
- 
-A handy feature of seamless textures is that they will continue applying if you modify your geometry. One good way to do this is with an edge slide (Shortcut : ''G'' + ''G''). If you want to edge slide beyond the existing geometry you need to remove clamping (Shortcut : ''C'' while edge-sliding). 
- 
-{{3d:clamping-removed.png?200}} 
- 
----- 
- 
-==== Procedural textures ==== 
- 
-Procedural textures are created by using nodes instead of images or photographs to create a material. Basic texture nodes are mixed together (often with a **MixRGB** node) and the Color output is then used to give both roughness and normals to the material. 
- 
-{{3d:procedural-texture.png?800}} 
- 
-When creating textures with this method it's important to think macro-details and micro-details and mix them together. The ''Scale'' value of the basic texture nodes can be used to this effect. 
- 
-A rapid shortcut to create a mix node is to ''CTRL + SHIFT + RIGHT-CLICK & DRAG'' from one node to the other one that you want to mix. 
- 
-The procedural textures can be very easily tweaked and modified. They do not require much artistic skills as opposed to the //creation// of textures based on images and photographs (although those are often available for free or a small fee on many platforms online). One downside however is that these textures need to be baked to be exported to a game engine, although that is a minor downside as baking is often required when exporting to game engines anyways. 
 ===== Scultping ===== ===== Scultping =====
  
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 Linking on the other hand imports a collection as a single object. Note that the origin point for that object will be the world origin from the original file, so if the collections are not centered on that world origin it will be offset when you link it. Also note that the link is not dynamic so any change made to the object in the original file will not update in the other project until the first one is linked again. Linking on the other hand imports a collection as a single object. Note that the origin point for that object will be the world origin from the original file, so if the collections are not centered on that world origin it will be offset when you link it. Also note that the link is not dynamic so any change made to the object in the original file will not update in the other project until the first one is linked again.
  
-===== Learning Parts ===== +===== Models =====
- +
-//These are a few 3D models I made following various tutorials to learn Blender.// +
 ==== Low Poly Well ==== ==== Low Poly Well ====
  
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 === Recap === === Recap ===
  
-  * Uses a bend modifier to create a circle with basic shapes : create a line of shapes + Modifier > Simple Deform > Bend (360°) and apply.  +  * Modifier to create a circle with basic shapes : create a line of stones and **Modifier > Simple Deform > Bend (360°)**.  
-  * Uses a nice simple low poly esthetic with bevels and moving a few vertices around +  * Use a lattice to parent an object or group of object to follow modifications made to the lattice (bends and such)
-  * Shows the use of a lattice to parent an object or group of object to follow modifications made to the lattice (bends and such)+
  
 ++++ Video Tutorial | ++++ Video Tutorial |
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 === Recap === === Recap ===
  
-  * Use basic extrude (CTRL + Right Click) in Edit Mode to quickly get trunk and branches +  * Quick extrude **''CTRL'' + ''RIGHT CLICK''** in **Edit Mode** to get trunk and branches 
-  * Use the 'image as plains' addon to create a branch from an image with a transparent background+  * Use **Image as plains** addon to create a branch from an image with a transparent background
   * Add a  particle system to multiply that branch using vertex group to focus it only on the branch and not on trunk + with a lot of random scale/rotate it gives a realistic impression   * Add a  particle system to multiply that branch using vertex group to focus it only on the branch and not on trunk + with a lot of random scale/rotate it gives a realistic impression
   * Texture the bark of the tree   * Texture the bark of the tree
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 === Recap === === Recap ===
  
-  *Use the cell fracture add-on +  *Cell fracture add-on 
-  *Basic particle system use and how collections work instead of layers with that add-on +  *Basic particle system 
-  *Use basic mix shader materials with voronoi displacements +  *Basic mix shader materials with voronoi displacements 
-  *Use compositing node with backdrop to use a render image as a ghost to draw gas around the planet+  *Compositing node with backdrop to use a render image as a ghost to draw gas around the planet
  
 ++++ Video Tutorial | ++++ Video Tutorial |
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 === Recap === === Recap ===
  
-  *Introduces the use of integrated cloth animation to render cloth materials (let it drop and choose the keyframe where you find it to your liking) +  *Cloth animation to render cloth materials (choose the frame where you like it) 
-  *Also uses basic glass materials and basic lighting+  *Basic glass materials and basic lighting
  
 ++++ Video Tutorial | ++++ Video Tutorial |
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   ***''CTRL + SHIFT + B''** : Bevel (vertices)   ***''CTRL + SHIFT + B''** : Bevel (vertices)
   ***''O''** : Toggle proportional Editing ON/OFF   ***''O''** : Toggle proportional Editing ON/OFF
-  ***''CTRL + A''** : Apply menu to apply scales, rotations, etc.+  ***''CTRL + R''** : Add loop cut
   ***''CTRL''** while moving objects : Applies snapping (if snapping is disabled) or disengages snapping (if snapping is enabled)   ***''CTRL''** while moving objects : Applies snapping (if snapping is disabled) or disengages snapping (if snapping is enabled)
   ***''CTRL + X''** : Dissolve selection (Vertex/Edge/Face)   ***''CTRL + X''** : Dissolve selection (Vertex/Edge/Face)
 +
 +=== Object Mode ===
 +
 +  ***''CTRL + A''** : Apply menu to apply scales, rotations, etc.
 +  ***''H'' / ''ALT + H''** : Hide / Unhide objects
  
 === Selection === === Selection ===
  
   ***''CTRL + Right Click & Drag''** : Lasso select (according to object centers) in Layout Mode   ***''CTRL + Right Click & Drag''** : Lasso select (according to object centers) in Layout Mode
-  ***''H'' / ''ALT + H''** : Hide / Unhide objects in object mode 
   ***''CTRL +/-''** : Select more / less of mesh (based on a first selection of faces, edges or vertices)   ***''CTRL +/-''** : Select more / less of mesh (based on a first selection of faces, edges or vertices)
   ***''SHIFT + S''** : Cursor selection pie menu   ***''SHIFT + S''** : Cursor selection pie menu
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  • Last modified: 2025/03/23 16:04
  • by mh