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--- 3d:shading [2025/03/29 15:10] – mh
+++ 3d:shading [2025/08/19 10:13] (current) – [Walkthrough] mh
@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 **PBR** (Physically Based Rendering) are best rendered with Cycles render engine. The material reacts to the environment and lighting in a physically realistic way.
-**HDRi** textures can be used on the World shader to bring lighting to the scene. To turn it off in the display go to **Render > Film** and tick **Transparent**.
+**HDRi** textures can be used on the World shader to bring lighting to the scene.
+To turn off its display : **Render > Film** and tick **Transparent**.
@@ Line 12: / Line 14: @@
 ==== Texture Coordinates ====
-For all the texture nodes use a **Texture coordinate** node (use output ''Object'') and a **Mapping** node (use input ''Vector''). Hook the output ''Vector'' of the **Mapping** into the input ''Vectors'' of the each texture images.
+For all the texture nodes use a **Texture coordinate** node (output //Object//) connected to a **Mapping** node (input //Vector//) in turn connected to the texture images (in/out //Vectors//) as illustrated below.
+If you have **Node Wrangler** add-on activated, the keyboard shortcut **''CTRL + T''** will automatically generate these nodes.
-If you have **Node Wrangler** add-on activated, the keyboard shortcut ''CTRL + T'' will automatically generate these nodes.
+{{3d:pbr-texture-coordinates.png?direct&800}}
-{{3d:pbr-texture-coordinates.png?}}
 Incidently, using **Node Wrangler** add-on you can select the **Principled BSDF** and use ''CTRL + SHIFT + T'' to open a bundle of maps and have them set-up as a Principled Texture.
@@ Line 68: / Line 71: @@
 In the case of texture painting, there is a way to add a bit of normals and bumpiness using the data from the image texture and a few color ramps as so :
-{{3d:bump-from-image.png?750}}
+{{3d:bump-from-image.png?direct&500}}
 ==== Texture Atlas ====
-A texture atlas is a custom image combining many different textures all in one image. It has the huge advantage of asking the CPU/GPU to load only one image and pick all the textures for different objects from parts of that image. The inconvenience is that each texture will have a lower pixel resolution (being part of a greater image)
+A texture atlas is a custom image combining many different textures all in one image.
+It has the great advantage of asking the CPU/GPU to load only one image and objects are unwrapped to pick their textures from different pars of that image.
+The drawbacks are that you need equivalent maps for different values of roughness, metalness, normals and AO and each texture will have a lower pixel resolution (being part of a greater image)
+This technique works very well to add a stunning level of detail to the shading of Low Poly environments instead of flat colors
+| {{:3d:autumn-palette.png?direct&200|}} | Unwrap objects from side view with **Unwrap > Project from View** |
+| ::: | Select all vertices and squash down along X axis |
+| ::: | Place on desired color column |
+| ::: | Scale along the Y axis and place according to desired result. |
+----
+==== Texture Slots ====
+Texture slots enable you to give different textures to different parts of a mesh.
+Select the parts of the mesh and select another slot material and click assign.
+----
+==== Seamless textures ====
+Seamless textures repeat themselves when scaled down without it being too noticeable at first glance. A pattern does become visible if you scale too much as the texture repeats itself.
+There are two ways to scale :
+| {{3d:mapping-node.png?direct&200}} | {{3d:uv-edit-scale.png?direct&200}} |
+| In the node editor, on the **mapping** node | In the UV editor, by scaling the unwrap. |
+The second option is preferable when exporting the scene to a game engine as the UV unwrap (and it's scale) will be conserved in the export.
+A handy feature of seamless textures is that they will continue applying if you modify your geometry. One good way to do this is with an edge slide (Shortcut : ''G'' + ''G''). If you want to edge slide beyond the existing geometry you need to remove clamping (Shortcut : ''C'' while edge-sliding).
+{{3d:clamping-removed.png?200}}
+----
+==== Procedural textures ====
+Procedural textures are created by using nodes instead of images or photographs to create a material. Basic texture nodes are mixed together (often with a **MixRGB** node) and the Color output is then used to give both roughness and normals to the material.
+{{3d:procedural-texture.png?800}}
+When creating textures with this method it's important to think macro-details and micro-details and mix them together. The ''Scale'' value of the basic texture nodes can be used to this effect.
+A rapid shortcut to create a mix node is to ''CTRL + SHIFT + RIGHT-CLICK & DRAG'' from one node to the other one that you want to mix.
+The procedural textures can be very easily tweaked and modified. They do not require much artistic skills as opposed to the //creation// of textures based on images and photographs (although those are often available for free or a small fee on many platforms online). One downside however is that these textures need to be baked to be exported to a game engine, although that is a minor downside as baking is often required when exporting to game engines anyways.
+----
+===== Sample Low Poly Shaders =====
+==== Stone with noise ====
+{{:3d:basic-stone-shader.png?direct&700|3d:basic-stone-shader.png}}
+----
+==== Wood with noise ====
+{{:3d:basic-wood-shader.png?direct&700}}
+----
+==== Random colors from ramp ====
+{{3d:random-material.png?direct&700}}
+----
+===== Texture Painting =====
+Texture painting can be done in the **Texture Painting** workspace.
+To texture paint on an object, it needs to be UV unwrapped. (The default cube is already unwrapped).
+You also need a texture image to paint on. To easily create one, in **Texture Paint** mode select the **Texture slots** drop down menu and click **''+''** to add a texture.
+It will be automatically added to the material in the **Shader** editor.
+==== Color picker & Color Palette ====
+In the **Tool** tab, the **Color Picker** contains the color wheel to select different colors.
+Hovering over a color in the 3D Viewport and pressing **''SHIFT'' + ''X''** will update the color picker to the color hovered over.
+With a palette created and open, maintaining **''SHIFT'' + ''X''** and **''LEFT CLICKING''** will add the color to the palette.
+----
+==== Masks ====
+Masks can be added with the **Mask** brush but need a Stencil Mask to work on.
+These can be found with the drop down menu next to the **Texture Slots**.
+Once a mask is created and selected, simply paint with the **Mask** brush to apply a mask preventing further painting on that area with another brush.
+Remember to tick the **Fake user** icon to save the mask in the project file.
+----
+==== Texture images ====
+Texture images can be added in the **Texture** menu of the **Color Picker**
+You can duplicate a brush to create a texture image on the cloned brush.
+Once a texture image is created in the **Color Palette** use the **Texture** tab to open an existing image.
+Back in the **Color Picker** (**Tool** tab), under the **Stroke** property switch the **Method** to **Anchored**
+{{:3d:texture-paint-image-texture.png?direct&200}}
+----
+===== Decals using UVs =====
+==== Result ====
+{{:3d:decal-with-uv.png?direct&700|}}
+----
+==== Walkthrough ====
+This works for objects that are already UV unwrapped.
+In the shader editor, add an image texture to the base color.
+Using **Node Wrangler** use **''CTRL'' + ''T''** to auto add the mapping branch.
+Replace the **Texture Coordinate** node by a **UV map** node.
+If necessary change the scale of the bottom texture.
+Duplicate the entire branch (with the Principled BSDF) and in this second branch replace the image with background alpha 0 channel to use as decal.
+Use **''CTRL'' + ''SHIFT'' + ''RIGHT CLICK'' & ''DRAG''** to mix the two Principled BSDF togethers.
+Use the Alpha of the decal image as factor for the mix. Use **''ALT'' + ''S''** on the mix to swap the channels if necessary. **The decal should be on the bottom input**.
+With the object selected, in the **Data** property panel, under UV Maps, add a second UV Map. Rename it decal and use it as the UV Map for the Vector coordinates of the mapping on the decal texture.
+Select the object and smart UV project it. Select all, scale it down and put it in an alpha 0 portion on the decal image.
+Select the faces where you want to decal and either **project from view** or **angle based projection** and scale/rotate to get the decal into position.
+----
+===== Eevee Bloom =====
+Open the **Compositing** workspace.
+Tick the **Use Nodes** option.
+Add a **Viewer** node and render the scene. Connect the render to the **Viewer** node.
+Optionally add a **Image Editor** viewport and view the **Viewer node** for a clearer view of post-process.
+Use **''SHIFT'' + ''RIGHT CLICK''** over the noodle to insert a **Reroute** and after the **Render Layers** node add a **Glare** node.
+Switch to **Fog Glow** and adjust settings.
+{{:3d:eevee-bloom.png?direct&500|}}
+When in Layout view, Rendered preview, the Viewport Shading dropdown menu enables to activate the Compositor when in Camera view, Always or never (default).
+This is useful to get any post-process effect to display in real-time in the Layout view.
 ===== Resource sites =====